One of the ancient relics in the area north of Central Java pesiri known by the name of the Complex and Mosque Had Mantingan. Administratively, this complex is located in the village of Mantingan, Subdistrict Jepara, Jepara regency, Central Java. Leaders who are here to the Queen Kalinyamat with relatives. He is the son R. Trenggana from the Sultan of Demak, who married the Duke of Jepara (Mulyono, 1968: 280). This tomb is located in the east of the mosque, which is very interesting because it has the trappings unique form of relief, among other animals that distilir.
It is estimated the XVI century mosque in the mihrab because the mosque is sengkala the ring "appearance Brahmin color of the essence", which means 1481 or 1559 CE Saka (Bosch, 1930: 52). The building that now not all of the original, it is because it has changed several times to restoration.
According to Knabel visiting Mantingan in 1910 (ROC, 1910: 166-167) that Mantingan mosque made of red brick, three composite ceiling, and has three doors, each door double; third door is on the front wall is divided into four areas. On the wall there is low relief, the panel-panel. In every field there are seven wall panels berelief arranged from top to bottom, so that in all four areas are 28 panels. In the left and right of each row of the panel berelief there is a bat-shaped ornaments, as well as in each door, so that the number of all 64 fruits. Medalion round decoration that is also found in the wall which is located on the left and right up the stairs toward the mosque, on each side there are four panels.
1927 Complex Mantingan renovated, using cement and lime so that the damage kekunaan and authenticity. This new building has been placed on the panel that the relief comes from the old mosque that was built in 1559 CE. Board-board berelief this stone is placed in the most right-left of the three doors on the foyer wall of the mosque, then there are the walls down, walls and outside corners of the building.
Around the years 1978-1981, Mosque Mantingan again renovated. In the successful restoration of the six panel found that berelief on both sides, a large number of beam-beam of white stone and also building a foundation there (Kusen, 1989, a 122). Restoration of the past have resulted in changes in the ceiling of the mosque compound before three, one is now roofed, porch pole front reliefnya demolished and moved. On the right side and left the room so that there are additional areas of walls into six sectors and each sector, there are berelief the panel.
Ornamental multiplicity Mosque Mantingan
Rajamangala decorative Mantingan found in the decoration is very interesting because the form of relief dipahatkan-panel on the panel. Form a panel that unanimously (medalion), Rosette, square, rectangular with both sides, arch-shaped brace and there is also a form of a bat. Panel-panel that contains a relief.
1. vegetation and leaves of lotus flowers, creepers, gourd water, pandanus, kangkung, nipah, bamboo, fern, coconut, keben, sago and Cambodia.
2. Distilir animals such as songbirds, bird, snake, horse, deer, elephant, monkey, crab and bat.
3. house, fence, gate and investment.
4. mountains and the sun.
5. makara motif that distilir.
6. plaited (braided).
Panel that both sides berelief
In the restoration of the last six panel found that the two sides contain the field of relief. Forms panel and reliefnya as:
1. bar-shaped square. The sides appear to be decorated flowers and creepers. Hand behind its back hidden in the wall decoration contains the two people and wear a long cloth, stand and worship and even without their heads. Sketch is alleged to portray Rama, Mr. and add a comment With lots are sitting in front of salute.
2. round-shaped panel. Sides, which appear in a decorative pumpkin and water on the back side, there are ornaments (relief) that deer prefer distilir. This vehicle may be the embodiment giant named Marici.
3. Panel hexagon-shaped or square with the two long sides shaped brace or akulade contain animal elephant distilir with leaves, creepers and lotus flowers. Ber elief side behind two tournament. Ber jatamakuta a bun, berupawita, a necklace, earring, bracelet, learner kelat shoulder, screens from the stomach to hold the bow and feet. Knight other disheveled hair, wear necklaces, earring, bracelet, upawita, screens from the stomach to the feet. Legs cut off. Faces second tournament this situation is damaged. Appear in front of a man-sized short hair in pigtail. These are people such as fishing.
This describes the scenes to bring bow, Rama Laksmana and in the back. The short as a follower / punakawannya.
4. square-shaped panel load relief of the flowers and creepers. Otherwise describe a side tournament bersanggul and caudate, accompanied by two escort well be human and monkey caudate like.
Unfortunately, they all face in damaged condition. This describes the scene Hanoman the running and accompanied by two well-monkey figure.
5. bar-shaped square. Front side is decorated with flowers, while the back is decorated with a giant.
6. Panel oblong with both sides brace learner. Front side-load lotus flowers and leaves. Hand behind his two monkey without clothes is a place to climb, one holding a stick. These scenes reflect the two primates are playing.
If the note, the relief that the Ramayana is not so cut more, while the relief in his back in the picture is complete and perfect. Can be concluded that the relief of the Ramayana made first and then made relif vice versa. Relief Ramayana is deliberately cut and damaged and then used that created the panel to reverse. In addition, it can be seen that face all of that is described in the relief is damaged. Damage in the face of the human figure is intentional because the transition period between the Hindu art to the Islamic period. According to Bernet Kempers, in Islam there is no common depiction of animals or humans. But the decoration is in the mosque Mantingan the animal and human abolished. When the animals are depicted with the stiliran. There is a new opinion that the influence of Islamic art in the relief Mantingan can be connected with the influence of Islamic mysticism or Sufism (Kusen, 1989: 128). This is based on the form of a square panel with a pair of long side in fine form the arch is decorated with animals and the location of the distilir panel, the panel in the foyer Mantingan Mosque, which consists of seven panels in each field (before the renovated years 1976-1981) and of the learner kelelawae play, and the relief of woven / bonds (Kusen, 1989: 142-161).
Panel of the rectangular-shaped with a pair of short side of arch-shaped brace called cermina by van der Hoop (1949; 316). This mirror is in sufisme objects that are often used to describe God's relationship with humans.
People who see in the mirror is the subject at the same time the object of his DISTRIBUTION, that means something to appear from and return to the place of origin. Similarly inculcate in the understanding of the truth of God as "Existing - No". Relief that the animals can be distilir as an example of the definition of "no - no."
Various picture in the frame is a mirror reflection of the reality of the world. People who have not knowledgeable and error because it will be seen that the reality is, all things only in the shadow only. With lighted by the light of God or Irony is symbolized in the form of "garuda", through the delusion he will be able to see the truth. Light is one of the hidden power in the self; He also called Nur. God His emit light to the seven heavens and the earth seven. This is linked to the relief of the composite panels seven and bat decoration (as shown garuda) all of the panel. Meanwhile, relief motifs with braided (woven) symbolizes the love of God that is not boundless.
The existence of six panels that have relief on both sides, to prove that Mantingan changes in the value of governance, namely governance of the value of the arts to the Hindu art of Islam so that relief is in transition Mantingan which actually occurred.
Source:
Team Coordination Directorate General of Culture Press. 1995. Cultural diversity Khasanah Nusantara VI. Jakarta: Ministry of Education and Culture.
It is estimated the XVI century mosque in the mihrab because the mosque is sengkala the ring "appearance Brahmin color of the essence", which means 1481 or 1559 CE Saka (Bosch, 1930: 52). The building that now not all of the original, it is because it has changed several times to restoration.
According to Knabel visiting Mantingan in 1910 (ROC, 1910: 166-167) that Mantingan mosque made of red brick, three composite ceiling, and has three doors, each door double; third door is on the front wall is divided into four areas. On the wall there is low relief, the panel-panel. In every field there are seven wall panels berelief arranged from top to bottom, so that in all four areas are 28 panels. In the left and right of each row of the panel berelief there is a bat-shaped ornaments, as well as in each door, so that the number of all 64 fruits. Medalion round decoration that is also found in the wall which is located on the left and right up the stairs toward the mosque, on each side there are four panels.
1927 Complex Mantingan renovated, using cement and lime so that the damage kekunaan and authenticity. This new building has been placed on the panel that the relief comes from the old mosque that was built in 1559 CE. Board-board berelief this stone is placed in the most right-left of the three doors on the foyer wall of the mosque, then there are the walls down, walls and outside corners of the building.
Around the years 1978-1981, Mosque Mantingan again renovated. In the successful restoration of the six panel found that berelief on both sides, a large number of beam-beam of white stone and also building a foundation there (Kusen, 1989, a 122). Restoration of the past have resulted in changes in the ceiling of the mosque compound before three, one is now roofed, porch pole front reliefnya demolished and moved. On the right side and left the room so that there are additional areas of walls into six sectors and each sector, there are berelief the panel.
Ornamental multiplicity Mosque Mantingan
Rajamangala decorative Mantingan found in the decoration is very interesting because the form of relief dipahatkan-panel on the panel. Form a panel that unanimously (medalion), Rosette, square, rectangular with both sides, arch-shaped brace and there is also a form of a bat. Panel-panel that contains a relief.
1. vegetation and leaves of lotus flowers, creepers, gourd water, pandanus, kangkung, nipah, bamboo, fern, coconut, keben, sago and Cambodia.
2. Distilir animals such as songbirds, bird, snake, horse, deer, elephant, monkey, crab and bat.
3. house, fence, gate and investment.
4. mountains and the sun.
5. makara motif that distilir.
6. plaited (braided).
Panel that both sides berelief
In the restoration of the last six panel found that the two sides contain the field of relief. Forms panel and reliefnya as:
1. bar-shaped square. The sides appear to be decorated flowers and creepers. Hand behind its back hidden in the wall decoration contains the two people and wear a long cloth, stand and worship and even without their heads. Sketch is alleged to portray Rama, Mr. and add a comment With lots are sitting in front of salute.
2. round-shaped panel. Sides, which appear in a decorative pumpkin and water on the back side, there are ornaments (relief) that deer prefer distilir. This vehicle may be the embodiment giant named Marici.
3. Panel hexagon-shaped or square with the two long sides shaped brace or akulade contain animal elephant distilir with leaves, creepers and lotus flowers. Ber elief side behind two tournament. Ber jatamakuta a bun, berupawita, a necklace, earring, bracelet, learner kelat shoulder, screens from the stomach to hold the bow and feet. Knight other disheveled hair, wear necklaces, earring, bracelet, upawita, screens from the stomach to the feet. Legs cut off. Faces second tournament this situation is damaged. Appear in front of a man-sized short hair in pigtail. These are people such as fishing.
This describes the scenes to bring bow, Rama Laksmana and in the back. The short as a follower / punakawannya.
4. square-shaped panel load relief of the flowers and creepers. Otherwise describe a side tournament bersanggul and caudate, accompanied by two escort well be human and monkey caudate like.
Unfortunately, they all face in damaged condition. This describes the scene Hanoman the running and accompanied by two well-monkey figure.
5. bar-shaped square. Front side is decorated with flowers, while the back is decorated with a giant.
6. Panel oblong with both sides brace learner. Front side-load lotus flowers and leaves. Hand behind his two monkey without clothes is a place to climb, one holding a stick. These scenes reflect the two primates are playing.
If the note, the relief that the Ramayana is not so cut more, while the relief in his back in the picture is complete and perfect. Can be concluded that the relief of the Ramayana made first and then made relif vice versa. Relief Ramayana is deliberately cut and damaged and then used that created the panel to reverse. In addition, it can be seen that face all of that is described in the relief is damaged. Damage in the face of the human figure is intentional because the transition period between the Hindu art to the Islamic period. According to Bernet Kempers, in Islam there is no common depiction of animals or humans. But the decoration is in the mosque Mantingan the animal and human abolished. When the animals are depicted with the stiliran. There is a new opinion that the influence of Islamic art in the relief Mantingan can be connected with the influence of Islamic mysticism or Sufism (Kusen, 1989: 128). This is based on the form of a square panel with a pair of long side in fine form the arch is decorated with animals and the location of the distilir panel, the panel in the foyer Mantingan Mosque, which consists of seven panels in each field (before the renovated years 1976-1981) and of the learner kelelawae play, and the relief of woven / bonds (Kusen, 1989: 142-161).
Panel of the rectangular-shaped with a pair of short side of arch-shaped brace called cermina by van der Hoop (1949; 316). This mirror is in sufisme objects that are often used to describe God's relationship with humans.
People who see in the mirror is the subject at the same time the object of his DISTRIBUTION, that means something to appear from and return to the place of origin. Similarly inculcate in the understanding of the truth of God as "Existing - No". Relief that the animals can be distilir as an example of the definition of "no - no."
Various picture in the frame is a mirror reflection of the reality of the world. People who have not knowledgeable and error because it will be seen that the reality is, all things only in the shadow only. With lighted by the light of God or Irony is symbolized in the form of "garuda", through the delusion he will be able to see the truth. Light is one of the hidden power in the self; He also called Nur. God His emit light to the seven heavens and the earth seven. This is linked to the relief of the composite panels seven and bat decoration (as shown garuda) all of the panel. Meanwhile, relief motifs with braided (woven) symbolizes the love of God that is not boundless.
The existence of six panels that have relief on both sides, to prove that Mantingan changes in the value of governance, namely governance of the value of the arts to the Hindu art of Islam so that relief is in transition Mantingan which actually occurred.
Source:
Team Coordination Directorate General of Culture Press. 1995. Cultural diversity Khasanah Nusantara VI. Jakarta: Ministry of Education and Culture.
